Notre Dame de Paris

INTRODUCTION:

        一般认为第一座真正的哥特式教堂是巴黎郊区的圣丹尼教堂。法国早期哥特式教堂的代表作是巴黎圣母院，法国哥特式建筑盛期的代表作是亚眠主教堂 ，还有兰斯主教堂和沙特尔主教堂，它们与亚眠主教堂和博韦主教堂一起，被称为法国四大哥特式教堂。英国的索尔兹伯里主教堂和坎特伯雷教堂.德国最早的哥特式教堂之一科隆主教堂，乌尔姆主教堂。意大利最著名的哥特式教堂是米兰大教堂。 

          Notre-Dame de Paris (IPA: [nɔtʁə dam də paʁi]; French for "Our Lady of Paris"), also known as Notre-Dame Cathedral or simplyNotre-Dame, is a historic Catholic cathedral on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité in the fourth arrondissement of Paris,France. The cathedral is widely considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture and among the largestand most well-known church buildings in the world. The naturalism of its sculptures and stained glass are in contrast withearlier Romanesque architecture.

        
          As the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Paris, Notre-Dame is the parish that contains the cathedra, or official chair, of the archbishop of Paris, currently Cardinal André Vingt-Trois. The cathedral treasury is notable for its reliquary which houses some of Catholicism's most important first-class relics including the purported Crown of Thorns, a fragment of the True Cross, and one of the Holy Nails.

          In the 1790s, Notre-Dame suffered desecration during the radical phase of the French Revolution when much of its religious imagery was damaged or destroyed. An extensive restoration supervised by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc began in 1845. A project of further restoration and maintenance began in 1991.